Bioelectrochemical Remediation for the Removal of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Soil

Consistent accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) in soil and sediments is a big concern and, thus, warrants static technology to continuously remediate PH-contaminated soil. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) can offer the desired solution using inimitable metabolic response electroactive microbes without involving physiochemical process. To date, wide range BES-based applications for PH bioremediations under different environmental conditions readily available literature. Here, latest development trend BESs bioremediation critically analyzed discussed. The reactor design operational factors that affect performance their strategic manipulations such as designing novel reactors improve anodic reactions, enhancing physiology (electrical conductivity, mass diffusion, hydraulic conductivity), electrode modifications, conditions, microbial communities, etc., are elaborated fortify understanding this future research. Most literature noticed low diffusion condition restricts from interacting with contaminant farther electrodes. Therefore, more research efforts warranted, mainly optimize parameters by specific amendments, optimizing experimental parameters, integrating technologies, conducting life cycle cost analysis make viable field-scale applications.